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LambdaLabs

Hawkes Process for Trade Arrivals

A self-Exciting Point Process Framework For Modeling Market Microstructures

This project implements a complete research-grade pipeline for medeling high-frequency trade arrivals using the hawkes process, and compares it rigorously against a standard poisson process.

The goal is to quantify and analyze self-excitation, clustering , and endogenous market dynamics in tick-level financial data.

Project Overview

Financial trades do not arrive independently. Market activity tends to cluster - bursts of trades trigger further trades.

A poisson process assumes independent arrivals. A Hawkes process models self-excitation::

λ ( t ) = μ + t i t α e β ( t t i )

This project:

  • Implements Hawkes simulation from scratch(Ogata's thinnin algorihtm).
  • Derives and codes the full log-likelihood function
  • Performs MLE parameter estimation
  • Compares Hawkes vs Poisson statistically.
  • Analyses branching ratio and stability.
  • Provides an interactive dashboard for visualization.

Key Mathematical Concepts

  • Temporal point processes
  • Self-excitation intensity models
  • Log-likelihood derivaiton
  • Stabilty condition : $ n = ​α/β < 1 $1 $$
  • Branching proces interpretation
  • A|C model comaparison

Features

Poisson Process Baseline :

  • Exponential inter-arrival simulation
  • Analytical likelihood -Distrubution validationn

Hawkes Simualation Engine :

  • Ogata's thinnin algorithm
  • Intensity tracking over time
  • Event clustering visualization
  • Stabilty Validation

Maximum Likelihood Estimation :

  • Efficient log-liklihood implementation
  • Constrained optimization
  • Parameter recovery testion on synthetic data -Likelihood surface analysiss

Real Market Situation :

  • Tick-Level timestamp preprocessing
  • Poisson vs Hawkes log-likelihood comparison
  • A|C- Based model selection
  • Branching ratio interpretation

Interactive Dashboard :

  • Simualation panel (μ, α, β controls)
  • CSV upload for fitting
  • Likelihood comparison output
  • Interactive intensity visualization

Tech Stack

Backend

  • Python
  • NumPy
  • SciPy
  • Pandas
  • Matplotlib
  • FastAPI

Frontend

  • React / Next.js (TBD)
  • plotly.js
  • Minimal quant-style UI

What This Demonstrate

  • Strong Understanding of Stochastic Processes
  • Practical implementation of MLE under constraints
  • Efficient numerical computation
  • Model comparison rigor
  • Clean mathematical documentation
  • Financial market microstructure

References to the notes :

  • Poisson Process : Explains what exactly is poisso process , inter-arrival distribution , intensity definition , why memoryless property fails for trade data Along with all of these , it also has the explaination to why Poisson assumes independence and why does trade center clusterss

Author

Hardik Runwal
MIT , Manipall

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